Networks

For several years I called this blog “Conversations at the intersection of learning, work & technology” and still use that tag line from time to time. During the past decade I’ve worked at that intersection, sometimes more focused on one aspect than another. I’ve seen a merging of work and learning as more of our lives are lived in larger and more complex networks. Working in what my friend Jay Cross calls Internet Time, blurs the lines between work and learning. The blurring of lines between the silos of disciplines and knowledge is happening everywhere as we get the ability to quickly jump from one field to another, and it’s reaping the reward of innovation, as Franz Johansson notes in The Medici Effect.

This decade has witnessed an increasing use of social network analysis and value network analysis, while social media are starting to permeate every type of business, especially marketing. In learning theory we now have Connectivismthe integration of principles explored by chaos, network, and complexity and self-organization theories. Understanding networks provides new insights into learning and business.

So what lies at the intersection of learning, work and technology? NETWORKS

Can our cities survive?

Mount Allison University presents:

James Howard Kunstler, fierce critic of suburban sprawl and our automobile-centric culture and the novelist The New York Times described as “provocative and entertaining,” will speak at Mount Allison University on Wednesday, February 11 at 7 p.m. in the Crabtree Auditorium. His talk is entitled “Planning after Peak Oil: Can our cities survive the converging catastrophes of the 21st Century?” The talk is open to the public.

I plan on attending and will write up my comments here.

Kunstler’s website and blog.

The Practice of Training in the 21st Century

The Practice of Training in the 21st Century is an online presentation I will be doing for CSTD on 4 March 2009 at 1:00 PM EST. There is a fee for the event which supports CSTD’s work in fostering the profession of training, workplace learning and human resources development in Canada [my services are pro bono].

The presentation is an update of the ideas from the Training Department in the 21st Century. There is also a version on SlideShare. The March presentation will give more detail than what is on my related blog posts and enable some feedback, as well as open up the concept to a broader audience. As I re-do the presentation, any suggestions or criticism would be appreciated.

O Canada

Guest post by Graham Watt

Harold’s note: This is the post that I would like to have written, but Graham says it so much better than I could have.

Springfield, a small community in New Brunswick, has been in high dudgeon in past weeks, after the principal of Belleisle Elementary School there, cut out the playing of O Canada at the start of each school day. The reason given was the objections of some parents to their children having to stand and sing the anthem.

I have a 10-year old daughter attending public school here in New Brunswick, and she has always had to sing O Canada each morning. In fact, down here, it’s quite common to still hear God Save the Queen at some school and civic events. Evidently while colonialism is slowly ebbing, it is being replaced with good ol’ American patriotism. The many recent letters to local newspapers extolling the virtues of patriotism and hooking it onto the O Canada anthem is perhaps another indication of how this part of the country has become a pale imitation of the U.S., where everything and everyone must have a reputation as a stalwart defender of freedom, and hopefully, a missing arm or a visible wound, preferably still bleeding. Not quite the Deep South, more like the Deep East.

O Canada is a wonderful anthem, a bringer of tears during emotional moments, be they Olympic victories or the sight of our poor soldiers returning home in boxes, having given their lives not only for their country but also for misguided foreign policy. Must we play it every day in schools, like a song for some brand we’re trying to sell? Why not keep it for occasions that merit our tears of joy or sorrow? Why not keep it for those who have earned its playing? They are the brave lost ones who have no recourse, nor do their families, but to be proud that they kept their word, and did their duty.

The playing of O Canada every day in schools, is supposed to celebrate the country and make us all proud. Exactly what are we proud of? That we’ve become employees and managers but not owners in our own land. That we rank 17th out of 23 industrialized countries in rates of child poverty? That we’ve killed all the fish, cut down all the trees, dug up all the coal, sucked out the world’s dirtiest and most expensive oil? That we keep saying we want to keep our beloved public health system while our business elites keep wanting us to get rid of it so they can pay less tax and make more money with a private system?

Are we proud of watching U.S. television programs so much that we have next to no original work of our own? Proud that we use another country’s television programs to describe ourselves? So that when a possibility of a coalition government forming occurs in our parliament (a perfectly normal event in a parliamentary system) we cry unfair, coup d’état, because “Hey man, they don’t do that in the U.S., so we can’t do it here”? Is this a reason to sing O Canada? Are we proud that we don’t offer our children civics courses in school? Or that any immigrant to this country knows more about our political system than we do ourselves? Are we proud of being in Afghanistan to help build schools for children while tacitly ignoring the plight of our aboriginals here? The same aboriginals whose life spans are the same as in the poorest third world countries? The same aboriginals who saved our sorry asses each excruciatingly cold winter of our ancestors’ arrivals here? Canada is in the top 5 in the UN’s human development index. Our aboriginal population is in 78th place. Do we think of this when we sing we’ll stand on guard for thee?

And exactly why are we trotting out the tired old word “patriotism”? A state that Samuel Johnson said was the last refuge of the scoundrel? Why? This is one of the few countries in the world that grew out of peace and not revolution or violence. That’s its charm and its promise too. That might be something to proud of if we’re not of the current machismo bent.

So why are we outraged about a school principal who stopped the recorded anthem every morning, when we trash the same anthem incessantly, trivializing it at every baseball game, every hockey game? Exactly what are we so proud of every school day? That we’ve cut back on education so much that our children are among the lowest scorers in literacy in the country? That we have fewer doctors per thousand people than every other OECD country but three? Have we done some reflecting about our country? Do we have enough confidence to look at its failings as well as its successes? Have we thought about how during World War 2, when Jews needed safe refuge they were turned back by our government, the classic explanatory phrase which summed up the attitude being: “None is too many!”?

We should think of that next time we stand to hear the familiar strains of O Canada. Think of how this country is more than a hockey game or a pale imitation of another country. Somewhere good and sometimes not so good. We should reflect on how we might cut back on the puffing up of our chests, and get our hearts and souls into remedying some of the enormous social problems we face by actually realizing we’re not a smaller version of some other fantasy country. That would be a good start. And perhaps think that past all the faults and the timid advances into a vast and wild land, we finally built something unique in North America, not by grabbing and stabbing, but by sharing and caring.

Graham Watt

The Fourth Turning

I picked up a used copy of The Fourth Turning (1997) as I had read some reviews, positive and negative, and for the price figured it was worth it. I won’t go into the entire premise of the book, as the reviews on Amazon give a good overview, but I find the recommendations from 1997 to prepare for the predicted crisis in the first decade of the millennium (now) most interesting:

Once the Crisis catalyzes, anything can happen. If you are starting a career now, realize that generalists with survival know-how will have the edge over specialists whose skills are useful only in an undamaged environment. Be fluent in as many languages, cultures, and technologies as you can. Your business will face a total alteration of market conditions: Expect public subsidies to vanish, the regulatory environment to change quickly, and new trade barriers to arise. Avoid debt or leverage investments, including massive student debt. Assume that all your external safety nets (pensions, Social Security, Medicare) could end up totally shredded.

Related to my post of the Cuspers going into small business are some recommendations for this generation (AKA: 13ers):

The Fourth Turning will find other generations with lives either mostly in the past or mostly in the future, but it will catch 13ers in “prime time”, right at the midpoint of their adult lives. They must step forward as the saeculum’s repair generation, the one stuck with fixing the messes and cleaning up the debris left by others.

President Obama campaigned on this fact and even Prime Minister Harper has had to discard some of his conservative principles and get down to the messy job of repair. Both are members of this generation. The Crisis is here and there’s lots of work for all of us to do.

Preparing for Business 2.0

If you were to advise someone considering going into business or becoming an entrepreneur today, what would you tell them? What is the best advice for today’s business schools? Where would you start; with underlying processes, human psychology, supply & demand theories or principles of management? I’ve been using the wirearchy tag to note articles that talk about the changing nature of work. Here are some examples:

Wirearchy: The performance management schemes, grade levels in the organizations and compensation practices have yet to recognize how work gets done in networked environments and increasingly, in a networked world.

FastForward Blog: … the radical reduction of transaction costs shifts the economic reality enough to eliminate the current value of organizations, making organizations effectively irrelevant.

Umair Haque: That’s the third, simplest, and most fundamental step in building next-generation businesses: understanding that next-generation businesses are built on new DNA, or new ways to organize and manage economic activities. Think that sounds like science fiction? Think again. Here are just a few of the most radical new organizational and management techniques today’s revolutionaries are already utilizing: open-source production, peer production, viral distribution, radical experimentation, connected consumption, and co-creation.

Scott Anthony: The Great Disruption creates real challenges for managers who have made a career out of focused execution. Smart management and prudent cost controls might have been enough to survive the Great Depression, but they are wholly insufficient for surviving the Great Disruption. For example, all the operational acumen in the world won’t help U.S. newspaper companies handle the seismic shifts in their industry.

G. Oliver Young: I see a fundamental rethinking of the definition and function of the firm; the single biggest change since the industrial revolution.

Are there any books that you would recommend to someone entering into a commerce program or starting their first foray into business? I think that the rules are changing rather quickly, as I see what people in my own networks are doing, especially with start-ups.

Is there a way to study and prepare for business today or is it better to jump in and make mistakes as you learn? Recommendations would be appreciated, especially from younger entrepreneurs.

The leaking pyramid

Two years ago I wrote about the the forces of change and how workers, who one could call the “Cluetrained’, were dropping out of the bottom of the industrial organisation’s pyramid and doing it on their own. “It” meaning working, learning, creating and collaborating.

Today, these outlets are bigger and more obvious:

  • Informal learning is increasingly available from formal venues, such as Stanford’s series on Darwin’s Legacy that I’m following on YouTube.
  • Social networking is getting more pervasive (Facebook, Twitter or DIY with Ning) and accepted in the mainstream, such as Linked-In for recruiting.
  • Distributed work and tele-work are becoming more acceptable. It is almost normal to work from home from time to time.
  • User generated content is getting people noticed. Job offers are posted (or reverse job postings) and made through blogs while videos on YouTube can catapult people to fame.
  • Creative Commons is becoming the normal license for digital media, enabling easier sharing, and even the White House is using it.

I would say that the bottom of the Command & Control pyramid is getting much more porous.

Understanding Blogging for Knowledge Workers

Blogs are now mainstream and it’s no longer necessary to explain what one is. It wasn’t that long ago that bloggers were being put down as a bunch of guys in pyjamas. Lilia Efimova, Mathemagenic, was one of my early sources of understanding about blogs, as I made my initial attempts at online conversation. Lilia introduced me to the concept of personal knowledge management. Here is my first attempt at explaining PKM in action and this is my latest.

Lilia is finishing her dissertation on the blogging practices of knowledge workers and has summarized her conclusions. All of those years of analysis are boiled down into 1,000 words and now give us an excellent summary of blogs as related to Ideas; Conversations; Relations; Tasks; and Context. Read the whole post and bookmark it; it’s a classic.

Picture by Lilia Efimova

Learning about Business

When I left the Army and started working at an applied research and consulting group at Mount Allison University I didn’t really know much about the business world. After several years, I’ve realised that there were some things that transferred from military to civilian life. In the past decade I’ve learned a lot, mostly from experience, conversation, and observation. It’s been an interesting apprenticeship.

I’ve found that you learn much more from failure than success. One difference between school and life is that in school you get the lesson followed by the test. When you run a business you get the test first and then you have to figure out the lesson. Two unsuccessful business models showed me the importance of understanding the fundamentals of what makes an organisation work, how it it supports its operations and how it works with its markets or with those who fund it. I also feel that any business success you may have is a result of luck, timing, and the support of others. Any failures are mostly yours to bear because you probably could have done things differently. Humility is a trait of the long-term successful entrepreneur.

I’m not sure if you can train someone to become an entrepreneur or even a free-agent. Skills are not as important as attitude and motivation. I don’t think that I would have been successful running my own company when I was younger, as I wasn’t motivated. Now, with a family and an understanding of what I like to do, it’s fairly easy. That doesn’t mean that you can’t prepare for entrepreneurship. Having good communication, planning, or technical skills can be a real benefit once you decide to take the plunge. Also, the economy may force you into self-employment, so it’s handy to have a good business tool set.

Being a good communicator is important but so is the ability to listen and observe. I’ve seen businesses fail because the executives believed their own marketing hype. Early success can close your eyes to reality, so you need a trusted network of advisors who will keep you grounded. Listening includes looking outside for ideas and information. Even though I spend a lot of time reading online, books let me dig deeper into a subject.

Some books that have helped me along the way:

The Art of the Start for staying focused on the essentials of any start-up venture.

Seeing What’s Next if your business is entering an existing market.

Free Agent Nation if you want to work for yourself.

The Future of Work to understand some of the forces of change influencing how we work.

The Future of Management to see how flawed our current management models are for our needs.

Online Marketing for Free-agents

Note: The Cluetrain Manifesto celebrates its tenth anniversary this year.

Cluetrain #1 Markets are conversation.

Without conversation (oral, written, graphical, physical) there are no social transactions. This has been the key aspect of the un-marketing approach for my consulting business. It’s not just markets, but learning and working are mostly conversation as well. I’ve also learned in the past six years that the more you give, the more you get; especially online. To market yourself as a free-agent online, start by giving.

Cluetrain # 6 The Internet is enabling conversations among human beings that were simply not possible in the era of mass media.

I started blogging here in 2004, which my wife thought was giving away my expertise for free. My hunch was that my blog would be a good way to showcase my skills and experience, but I realised that it’s much more than that. First of all, it’s my pervasive presence on the Web. This is where you can find me as well as links to other things I may be doing. It has now become my knowledge base and provides fodder for articles and presentations. My blog enables me to have conversations with other professionals about things that matter to us. I’ve said many times that my blog doesn’t get me clients but, using a baseball metaphor, it gets me from 1st base onward. It’s also an enormous business card that tells more about what I think than any interview ever could. Blogs, podcasts or videos are excellent passive marketing devices, as long as you talk about your passions. Don’t try to sell anything. Another word of advice on blogs for free-agents is to keep them advertising free. The money isn’t worth it if you really want to sell your services and you will stand out from the crowd.

Cluetrain #7 Hyperlinks subvert hierarchy.

The advantage of being a free-agent today is that you can use the Internet to get around most hierarchies. Information on almost any field is available for free. Tools like Twitter let you “follow” people in fields that interest you; making it excellent for competitive intelligence. Checking out “crowd-sourced” tags on Delicious lets you see what others find important. You can connect with people on Facebook or the more conservative Linked-In, without having to join some professional association first. Personally, I use Linked-In for business and Facebook for friends & colleagues. However, both networks have connected me to paid work.

Cluetrain #9 These networked conversations are enabling powerful new forms of social organization and knowledge exchange to emerge.

It still requires hard work, perseverance, skill and knowledge but you can get recognised for your expertise. Kathy Sierra has an excellent graph showing the work required, but the tools to disseminate your expertise are here now:

Not only that, but many people are there to help you; just ask. Posting a question on your blog, Twitter or social network usually results in a lot of good advice. I revamped my website in 2007 after asking advice from readers, which increased traffic to my consulting section. Once you go online, you are no longer alone, for better or worse.

We now have many tools to engage in conversation and to create some wealth along the way, without giving up our rights in indentured servitude as salaried workers.

Cluetrain #10 As a result, markets are getting smarter, more informed, more organized. Participation in a networked market changes people fundamentally.

Jeff Jarvis:

To make the money I don’t make teaching, I consult and speak for various media companies and brands. The only reason I get those gigs is because companies read the ideas I discuss at Buzzmachine and ask me to come and repeat them in PowerPoint form and explore them with their staff. I’ve also been asked to teach executives how to blog (a class that should, by rights, take about two minutes). That work and the teaching get me to a nice income in six figures. So I’m not looking quite as idiotic now, I hope.

Rob Paterson:

NPR, all my work in New Media, Blackwater, Education – all my paying gigs have come through this medium [blogging].

Quick Start Tips to market yourself:

  1. Get your own domain name
  2. Free your Bookmarks and start sharing what you do
  3. Read blogs & make comments and don’t forget to Aggregate before you’re swamped
  4. Establish a consistent presence on Linked-In, Facebook, etc.
  5. Start your blog (WordPress, Typepad) without any fanfare
  6. Check out other social media like Twitter or what others are talking about
  7. Watch for patterns and see what makes sense for you

These Small Business Blogs may give some inspiration.